Swaging-machine.



No. 655,226. Patented Aug. 7.1900.

J. B'. HALIFAX.

SWAGING MACHINE.

(Application filed Mar. 7 1398. (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

Witwwoeo:

010 umo, WASHINGTON u c UNITED STATES PATENT @FFICE.

JOHN B. HALIFAX, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO TIIE'cEo II. THOMPSON, MANUFACTURING COMPANY, or ILLI o s.

MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 655,226, dated August 7, 1900. Application filed March 7, 1898- Serial No. 672,936. (No model.)

To a whom it may concern: 7

Be it known that 1, JOHN B. I-IALIFAX,-of

Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of of cooperating compressing-dies which are;

driven to reciprocate rapidly and act to gradually reduce or form the tube as the latter is.

passed endwise between the dies, to provide an improved construction in bearings capable of withstanding the excessive strain to which the working parts of the machine are subjected, and to provide improved mechan- 4 ism for adjusting the machine to adapt it for various kinds of work.

To this end the invention consists in the matters hereinafter described, and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims, and the same will be more readily understood by reference tothe accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a machine embodying my invention, the driving-pulley being removed to better show the working parts and the legs of the machine being,

broken off to reduce the size of the figure. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same with parts broken away to expose other parts beneath.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view taken on line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a transverse vertical sectional view taken on a line passing axially through the main shaft and bearings thereof, the upper part of the machine being broken away to reduce the size of the figure. Fig. 5 is a fragmentary sectional detail view taken on a line passing horizontally through the pair of cooperating dies and showing a section of tubing in position between the dies.

Referring to said drawings, A-designates as a whole a frame or bed, shown herein as made in the form of a rectangular box-cast iug having, integral sides and ends, as a. a and a a respectively, and open at both top and bottom. Said bed or frame may be supported in any suitable manner, as by legs A. In order to reinforce the frame, the latter is shown as provided at each of its four upper corners with heavy upstanding lugs orears 0, which are connected in pairs at each side by heavy longitudinally-extending bolts a passing through suitable apertures formed in said lugs.

B designates a main shaft journaled in suitable bearings a a (see Fig. 4,) formed in the side frame members, so as to extend tra n'sversely through the frame,at the lower central portion thereof, said bearing-aperturesbeing desirably provided with renewable bushings a held in position by means offset-screws (t At one end outside of the frame said main shaft is provided with a drive pulley A desirably made relatively heavy, so as to serve as a balance-wheel also, while the 0pposite projecting end of the shaft is housed by means of a cap 0, suitably'bolted to the side frame. 7 .1

O designates an eccentric .splined or 0th erwise secured rigidly upon the main shaft at a point between the side framemembers, said eccentric being made with a relatively-wide acting face or bearing-surface, so as to properly withstand the heavy working which it is subjected.

D designates a pitman or eccentric rod provid ed at one end with an eccentric-strap 1), fitting the eccentric O, and provided at its opposite end with a transversely-apertured knuckle D whichis connected with a pair of toggle members, as will be hereinafter more fully explained. Describing said eccentric connection in detail, the eccentric-strap is shown as made in two parts orsections separable on a diameter passing through the center of the eccentric,each partbeingvprovided with radial ears (I, through the meeting pairs of which are inserted bolts (1. The internal diameter of the eccentric-strap is made enough pressure to larger than the eccentric C to admit a bushing E, of bronze or analogous metal, which is preferably and as herein shown made circumferentially complete and slipped over the cocentric, from one end of the latter. In order to hold said bushing in position and at the same time to retain the lubricant and hold eccentric-strap, in proper relation to the cocentric, the said strap is provided at each of its side margins with right-angled inturned guide-fianges'd of sufficient depth to embrace and cover the ends of the bushing and engage the ends of the eccentric, as indicated clearly in sectional Fig. 4; said flanges terminating short of the shaft. The bushing is free to rotate Within its bearing, and in order to provide for free access of oil to the eecentric regardless of the angular position of.

the bushing the latter is provided with a plurality of external circumferential grooves or channels e, which register with oil-inlets (1 formed through the eccentric-strap, and a plurality of oil-holes e are formed to extend from the bottom of said channels through the bushing. Next describing the mechanism whereby the reciprocatory movement of the pitman, imparted thereto by the eccentric, is caused to reciprocate a die-block in a direction at right angles to the direction of movement of the pitman, F designates horizontal supporting ledges or ribs upon the inner faces of the side frame members. Upon these supporting-ribs is mounted at the rear end of the machine a transversely-extending fixed abut-' ment-block G and at the opposite end of the bed-opening a similar movable'die-block G,

dercuts'or m'ade dovetailed in cross-sectional form, the lower undercut or groove 9 being interlocked with a correspondingly-shaped rib or upon the end frame member, and the upper groove g being engaged with a lift g formed upon a plate G bolted to the upper surface of the said end frame member. As

additional means of holding the said abutment-block from upward movement retain ness sufliciently to form a sliding fit between the retaining-plates and supporting-ribs.

.H H designate a pair of hinge-shaped toggle members, knuckle-shaped in cross-section at each end, of a width preferably nearly equal'to the full width of the bed-opening of themachine. .The outeror remote ends of said toggle members are arranged to fit within correspondingly-shaped grooves or hearingsockets g 9 formed in the proximate faces of the abutment-block and movable die-block, respectively, as indicated most clearly in Fig. 3. The ends of the toggle members where they engage the blocks are approximately cylindrical in cross-section andv the sockets in the blocks are greater in circumference than a semicylinder and less than a cylinder, so that when the cylindrical enlargements on the toggle members are slid endwise into the sockets (which method of insertion is necessary in the present construction) they will be held therein by the form of the socket, thereby avoiding the employment of pivot-bolts, which wear quickly under the heavy strains the toggle is subjected to in practice, and providing a much larger wearing and bearing surface for the joint and insuring a greater degree of accuracy in the movementsof the slidable die block. With this manner of connecting the toggle to the blocks it will be seen that at least one end of each of the socket-grooves must be left open at the end of the block, as the cylindrical enlargement must be inserted endivise into its socket, as stated. In the present construction both ends of the socket-grooves are open for convenience in forming and truing the groove. It will also be observed that the side members a a of the frame, when the toggle members are connected to the blocks and the blocks set in place, serve to close the ends of the socket-grooves, and it will also be obvious that this peculiar connection between the toggle and the blocks requires that the blocks both be made removable in the manner shown-that is, by simply removing first the.

plates G and g and then bodily lifting the blocks, with attached toggle and pitman, out of the bed-opening in the frame, this construction being preferable because of the fact 7 that the pitman and toggle and blocks'may be assembled previously 'to being dropped into place in the bed-opening and the bedframe be cast in a single piece. It will be noted, further, that the cylindrical enlargements on the toggle members run parallel and in the same horizontal plane'with the dies J J and are of approximately the same length as or greater in length than said dies, so that the pressure throughout the working faces of said dies will be uniform and the 1 bers are constructed in the form of offset knuc kles g 9 which interiit hinge fashion, as indicated most clearly in Fig. 2, a space being provided between the knuckles 9 which is occupied by the knuckle-shaped upper end of the IIO pitman, and the three parts thus assembled are united to form a hinge or toggle joint by means of a through-bolt or pintle g, which extends through the several knuckles, including that of the pitman. Desirably the bolt-apertures through the several knuckles should be made slight-1y tapering and the bolt correspondingly tapered, so that the bearing may be adjusted to compensate for wear by simply tightening the nut which holds the bolt in place. The relative length of the pitman and position of the bearing sockets or grooves of the die and abutment blocks are such that thetoggle will be alternately flexed an equal distance above and below a direct line passing through the pivotal centers of the outer ends of the toggle, so that the die-block will obviously be caused to make two complete reciprocations upon each revolution of the main shaftand consequent reciprocation of the pitman.

I designates a bed-plate seated against the inner face of the front end member of the bed-frame, said bed-plate being conveniently secured in position by means of bolts 2' inserted therethrough, the heads of which are engaged with atransversely-extending T-slot 7 milled in the inner face of said end frame member. In the faces of the bed-plate I and die-block G are formed oppositely-arranged die-grooves t i respectively, within which are seated dies J J. Said die-grooves are preferably made of undercut form in crosssection, so as to hold the dies firmly therein without the aid of bolts or the like, the groove of the movable die-block being shown as made of dovetailed form, while that of the bed-plate is of generally rectangular form, with a small undercut or channel t at one side of the main groove 5 but it will be understood that the exact form of these retaining-grooves is not essential. The dies J J may be made of such size as to form an easy driving fit within their respective retaining-grooves, or they may be otherwise secured to prevent endwise movement therein, it being obvious that there is but slight tendency of the dies to move endwise within their grooves, owing to the fact that the working pressure is always exactly at right angles thereto. When used forswaging tubesinto tapered form similar to that illustrated in Fig. 5 of the drawings, the dies will be provided in their meeting faces with forming grooves or channels j j, respectively, made accurately semioylindric in cross-section and tapering from one end of the die toward the other, the degree of taper being made to conform to the desired form of the finished tube and the dies being constructed to exactly meet at the foremost limit of movement of the movable die. In order to provide for the insertion of the bed-plate and dies and to afford a feed-opening through which the tubes may be passed endwise into position between the dies, the side frame members of the machine are notched or recessed at points opposite the ends of the dies, as indicated at a. (W, re-

spectively, the former of said openings serving as the feed-openin g referred to.

It will be understood that various forms and lengths of dies will be used in this machine, as required for the particular work in hand, and that the length of the portion of tube swaged will also be varied as required. In order, therefore, to provide a stop which will determine the distance to which the tube may be inserted endwise between the dies, a gage is provided, consisting in the present instance of a rod or gage-bar K, (see Figs. 2 and 5,) which is arranged to extend from the side of the machine opposite the feed-opening inwardly between the dies the required distance to enable its inner end to serve as a stop against which the end of the tube will contact when swaged throughout the required length. Said gage-bar is shown as conveniently and adj nstably held in position by means of a bracket K, bolted upon the bottom side wall of the opening (r and as hav ing an upstanding arm 70, which isproperly apertured for the reception of the gage-bar, and is provided with a set-screw by means of which the bar may be fixed in adjusted position.

The operation of the machine constructed as described is as follows: The proper dies having been placed in the machine, the gage properly adjusted, and the machine belted to any suitable driving-shaft, so as to be driven at a relatively-rapid speed, the operator inserts the end of the tube through the feedopening into the larger end of the cooperating dies and slowly feeds it forward, at the same time slowly rotating it with his hands, so that the action of the dies will be more uniform upon all sides of the tube. The rapid reciprocation of the moving die gradually compresses thertube, so that by the time the end of the tube strikes against the gage-bar the tube will have been brought into the desired form and may be withdrawn, it being of course unnecessary to stop the machine between the operations of swaging successive tubes. Usually the tube to be swaged will be rubbed lightly with a suitable lubricant previous to its insertion between the dies.

The provision of the bronze or analogous metal bushing between the eccentric and eccentric-strap is a feature of importance, inasmuch as it was found in practice that the excessive pounding strain due to the actuation of the die caused the bearings to heat and destroy the lubrication until this expedient was adopted. By means of the use of the bushing referred to, however, in conjunction with the improved oil distribution secured by the construction described, all difficulty of this character has been obviated.

While I have herein shown what I deem a preferred construction, yet it is obvious that it may be modified to some extent without involving more than ordinary mechanical skill and without departing from the spirit of the invention. I do not therefore Wish to be limited to the precise details shown herein, except as made the subject of specific claims.

I claim as my invention- I 1. In a swaging-machine, the combination of a bed-frame having an approximately-rectangular opening and inward-extending supporting-flanges on its side members below its upper face, an abutment-block set in said opening and abutting against the rear wall or member of theframe, means for locking said abutment-block to said wall or rearmember, a die-block resting slidingly on the flanges on the side members of the frame and lying within the opening in the frame, removable plates secured to the bed-frame and confining the blocks in place in the opening therein, dies carried respectively by the die-block and the front member of the bed-frame, a toggle located between and pivotally connected to the adjacent faces of the abutment and die block respectively, a depending pitman connected to the toggle, and means supported below the blocks for operating the pitman, substantially as set forth.

2. In a swaging-machine, a frame or bed having an approximately-rectangularopening and inward-extending supporting-flanges on its rear and side members, below its upper face, an abutment-block having its rear edge resting on the flange on the rear member of the frame and provided with a dovetail or undercut portion, flanges 0L and g engaging this undercut part and lockingit to said rear mem- 1 her, the upper one of the flanges being carried bya removable plate G secured to the upper side of the rear member of the frame, a die-block resting slidingly on the flanges on i the sidemembers, removable plates confining the die-block on said flanges, dies carried respectively by the die-block and the front member of the bed, a toggle located between and pivotally connected to the adjacent faces of the abutment-block and die-block, a depending pitman connected to the toggle, and means connected to the pitman for intermittin gly operating it, substantially as set forth.

3. In a machine for swaging or the like, the combination of a frame, a rotating shaft, an eccentric .upon said shaft, a bushing fitted loosely on said eccentric and being free to retate thereon, an eccentric-strap inclosing the bushing, said strap being freeto rotate relatively tothe eccentric and bushing and being provided at its ends with annular flanges which cover the ends of the bushing and terminateshort of the shaft carrying the eccentric, a pitman connected to said eccentricstrap.

4. In a mechanism for swaging rods of metal, the combination of a frame, cooperating dies open at both ends, means for recipro- WM. E. PIPER, E. O. Bron. 

